十二五 语言学教程（第五版）+练习册

《语言学教程》自1988年首次出版以来，改版四次，印刷八十余次，发行量达二百万册。目前已被国内高等院校普遍作为英语专业本科、硕士语言学方向必修教材以及考研必读教材，并吸引了大量对语言学感兴趣的非英语专业读者。是国内出名的语言学教材，具有较高的社会影响力和教学、科研认可度。此次改版，编辑部事先通过网上信息搜集、访谈等方式，就一线教师和学生对该教材的使用情况进行了调查。后经本书主编、副主编和出版社方面的讨论，一致达成如下修改方案： 
　　1. 难度上不做大的变动。2. 全书的总体框架不变，章节不变。3.根据一线教师的需求，一方面在教程中增加一些生动的，贴近生活的例子来解释、说明专业术语和理论；另一方面，内容更新，与时俱进，就近些年来语言学研究的新发展和新热点加以补充和阐释，如将近些年来很热点的认知语言学部分进行扩充等。但从页数考虑，全书增加的内容版面要限制在第四版的10%以内。4.排版时缩小行距，使用英文版式，减少页数。以便定价让学生更能接受。

胡壮麟，北京大学资深教授、博导，系统功能语言学的代表学者，清华大学双聘教授、北京师范大学兼职博导。被42所大学聘为兼职教授或客座教授。完成专著 4部，主编7部，合著、合编14 部，译著1部、论文206篇。

CONTENTS 
Chapter 1Invitations to Linguistics1.1Why Study Language?1.2What Is Language?1.3Design Features of Language1.3.1Arbitrariness1.3.2Duality1.3.3Creativity1.3.4Displacement1.4Origin of Language1.5Functions of Language1.5.1Informative Function1.5.2Interpersonal Function1.5.3Performative Function1.5.4Emotive Function1.5.5Phatic Communion1.5.6Recreational Function1.5.7Metalingual Function1.6What Is Linguistics?1.7Main Branches of Linguistics1.7.1Phonetics1.7.2Phonology1.7.3Morphology1.7.4Syntax1.7.5Semantics1.7.6Pragmatics1.8Macrolinguistics1.8.1Psycholinguistics1.8.2Sociolinguistics1.8.3Anthropological Linguistics1.8.4Computational Linguistics1.9Important Distinctions in Linguistics1.9.1Descriptive vs. Prescriptive1.9.2Synchronic vs. Diachronic1.9.3Langue & Parole1.9.4Competence & PerformanceChapter 2Speech Sounds2.1Speech Production and Phonetic Transcription2.1.1Speech Production2.1.2Phonetic Transcription—The IPA2.2Consonants and Vowels2.2.1Consonants2.2.2Vowels2.2.3The Sounds of English2.3Phonological Analysis2.3.1Phonemes2.3.2Allophones2.3.3Phonological Rules2.3.4Rule Ordering2.4Suprasegmentals2.4.1Syllable2.4.2Sonority Scale2.4.3Stress2.4.4Intonation and ToneChapter 3Words and Morphology3.1The Nature of Words3.1.1What Is a word?3.1.2Content Words and Function Words3.2Types of Morphemes3.3Morphological Processes3.3.1Derivation3.3.2Compounding3.3.3Inflection3.3.4Minor Morphological ProcessesChapter 4From Word to Text4.1Syntactic Relations4.1.1Positional Relation4.1.2Relation of Substitutability4.1.3Relation of CoOccurrence4.2Grammatical Construction and Its Constituents4.2.1Grammatical Construction4.2.2Immediate Constituents4.2.3Endocentric and Exocentric Constructions4.2.4Coordination and Subordination4.3Syntactic Function4.3.1Subject4.3.2Predicate4.3.3Object4.3.4The Relation between Classes and 
Functions4.4Category4.4.1Number4.4.2Gender4.4.3Case4.4.4Agreement4.5Phrase, Clause and Sentence4.5.1Phrase4.5.2Clause4.5.3Sentence4.6Recursiveness4.6.1Conjoining4.6.2Embedding4.7Beyond the Sentence4.7.1Sentential Connection4.7.2Cohesion4.7.3CoherenceChapter 5Meaning5.1Meanings of “Meaning”5.2The Referential Theory5.3Sense Relations5.3.1Synonymy5.3.2Antonymy5.3.3Hyponymy5.4Componential Analysis5.5Sentence Meaning5.5.1Cognitive Semantics5.5.2Logical SemanticsChapter 6Language and Cognition6.1What Is Cognition?6.2Three Approaches to Language and 
Cognition6.3What Is Psycholinguistics?6.4Language Acquisition6.4.1Holophrastic Stage6.4.2TwoWord Stage6.4.3Stage of ThreeWord Utterances6.4.4Fluent Grammatical Conversation Stage6.5Language Comprehension6.5.1Word Recognition 6.5.2Comprehension of Sentences 6.5.3Comprehension of Text 6.6Language Production6.6.1Access to Words 6.6.2Generation of Sentences 6.6.3Written Language Production 6.7What Is Cognitive Linguistics?6.8Construal and Construal Operations6.8.1Attention/Salience6.8.2Judgment/Comparison6.8.3Perspective/Situatedness6.9Categorization6.9.1Basic level6.9.2Superordinate level6.9.3Subordinate level6.10Image Schemas6.11Metaphor6.11.1Structural Metaphors6.11.2Orientational Metaphors6.11.3Ontological Metaphors6.12Metonymy6.12.1Whole ICM and Its Part(s)6.12.2Parts of an ICM6.13Blending TheoryChapter 7Language, Culture, and Society7.1Language and Culture7.1.1How Does Language Relate to 
Culture?7.1.2More about the SapirWhorf 
Hypothesis7.1.3Case Studies7.1.4To What Extent Do We Need Culture 
in Our Linguistic Study?7.1.5Culture in Language Teaching 
Classroom7.2Language and Society7.2.1How Does Language Relate to 
Society?7.2.2A Situationally and Socially Variationist 
Perspective7.2.3What Should We Know More about 

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